Collusion
A secret agreement or cooperation especially for an illegal or deceitful purpose among sellers to raise or fix prices and to reduce output in order to increase profits.
The European Commission has found that Daimler, BMW and Volkswagen group (Volkswagen, Audi and Porsche) breached EU antitrust rules by colluding on technical development in the area of nitrogen oxide cleaning. The Commission has imposed a fine of € 875 189 000.